What materials are suitable for impact crushers?

Impact crushers are suitable for crushing a variety of materials, especially for processing medium and low hardness and brittle materials. The following is an analysis from the aspects of applicable material types, characteristics, and application scenarios:

1、Applicable material types
Impact crushers can handle the following common materials:

Rocks
Limestone: low hardness (Mohs hardness 3-4), widely used in cement and building materials industries.
Gange: a by-product of coal mining, which needs to be crushed for brick making or power generation.
Dolomite: used in metallurgy and chemical industry, particle size needs to be controlled.
Shale: raw material for brick and ceramic making, needs to be crushed to a certain fineness.
Sandstone: raw material for construction sand, particle shape needs to be uniform.
Weathered rock: engineering backfill material, needs to be crushed and screened.
Ore
Gypsum: used in building materials and chemical industry, moisture content needs to be controlled.
Fluorite: raw material for metallurgy and chemical industry, over-crushing needs to be avoided.
Phosphate rock: raw material for fertilizer production, crushing efficiency needs to be guaranteed.
Industrial waste
Construction waste: Contains concrete, bricks, etc., which need to be crushed and then recycled.
Slag: A byproduct of steel smelting, which needs to be crushed and used as building materials.

2、Material property requirements
Impact crushers are more suitable for materials with the following characteristics:

Medium and low hardness: Mohs hardness usually does not exceed level 8, and high hardness materials (such as granite and basalt) are prone to cause increased wear of plate hammers and impact plates.
Brittleness: The material must have a certain degree of brittleness in order to achieve the ideal particle shape through impact crushing.
Moderate moisture content: Too high moisture content (such as more than 15%) is prone to cause material adhesion and affect crushing efficiency.

3、Application scenarios
Building materials industry
Produce machine-made sand and stone for concrete and asphalt mixtures.
Mining industry
Medium and fine crushing operations provide qualified particle size raw materials for grinding equipment.
Environmental protection industry
Treat industrial waste such as construction waste and slag to achieve resource utilization.
Energy industry
Crush coal and coal gangue for power generation and brick making.

4、Unsuitable materials
High-hardness materials: such as granite, basalt, iron ore, etc., are prone to excessive wear of vulnerable parts.
High-viscosity materials: such as wet clay and oil shale, are easy to clog the crushing chamber.
Highly abrasive materials: such as quartz sand and silica, which cause serious wear on the hammer and impact plate.

5、Selection suggestions
Choose according to material hardness:
Medium and low hardness materials (such as limestone and coal gangue): impact crusher is preferred.
High hardness materials: cone crusher or jaw crusher is recommended.
Choose according to the requirements of the output particle size:
Particle shape needs to be controlled (such as cubic particles): impact crusher is more suitable.
Ultra-fine crushing is required: It can be matched with a fine crusher or a sand making machine.
Choose according to the production scale:
Large production line: Use heavy impact crusher to improve processing capacity.
Small production line: Use light or mobile impact crusher to reduce costs.

6、Advantages Summary
Good particle shape: The material is cubic after crushing, with low needle-like content, which meets the requirements of high-standard building materials.
Low energy consumption: Using the impact crushing principle, the unit energy consumption is lower than that of the jaw crusher.
Flexible adjustment: By adjusting the gap between the impact plates, the discharge particle size can be flexibly controlled.
Easy maintenance: The replacement of wearing parts is convenient and the downtime is short.

7、Precautions
Regularly check the wearing parts: The hammer and impact plate need to be replaced in time after wear to avoid affecting the crushing effect.
Control the feed particle size: The maximum feed particle size should not exceed the allowable value of the equipment to prevent overload.
Uniform feeding: Avoid concentrated accumulation of materials, which will lead to increased vibration of the equipment.
The impact crusher has significant advantages in processing medium and low hardness and brittle materials, but it is necessary to reasonably select the type according to the material characteristics and production needs, and strengthen daily maintenance to ensure efficient and stable operation of the equipment.